The neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) have been reported in some models of neurodegenerative disease, but because of its hematopoietic side effects, its derivatives lacking hematopoietic bioactivity is recommended.
The hematopoietic cytokine erythropoietin (Epo) prevents neuronal death during ischemic events in the brain and in neurodegenerative diseases, presumably through its antiapoptotic effects.
Overall, the beneficial suppression of effector function via the N292G mutation may be offset by the deleterious effect this mutation has on the plasma levels of the TfRMAb-EPO fusion protein, especially following SQ administration, which is the preferred route of administration in humans for chronic neurodegenerative diseases including AD.
Our results indicated that the BDNF-EPO-Shh novel-signaling pathway underlies the regulation of inflammatory responses and may be regarded as a potential therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases.
Our data suggest that EPO mediated regulation of Hbb supports neuronal energetics and may provide neuroprotection in MS and other neurodegenerative diseases where a dysfunction of mitochondria contributes to disease.
In our study, we established a cellular material for future in vivo studies of neurodegenerative diseases based on EPO provided regionally at a nontoxic level.
In conclusion, our results suggest that EpoL has a more potent neuroprotective profile than Epo against oxidative stress, mediated by activation of EpoR, thus EpoL represents an important target to develop a potential biopharmaceutical to treat different central nervous system pathologies related to oxidative stress such as stroke or neurodegenerative diseases.
However, the discovery of EPO and the EPO receptor (EPOR) in the nervous system may contribute to new treatment strategies for the use of EPO in neurodegenerative disorders.
However, recent reports have demonstrated that EPO plays a neuroprotective role in the central nervous system, and EPO has been considered as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases such as ischemic stroke.
However, penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and negative hematopoietic effects are the two major challenges for the therapeutic development of EPO for chronic neurodegenerative diseases like AD.
As consequence recent novel therapeutic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases has led to the development of multi target drugs, that possess selective brain MAO A and B inhibitory moiety, iron chelating and antioxidant activities and the ability to increase brain levels of endogenous neurotrophins, such as BDNF, GDNF VEGF and erythropoietin and induce mitochondrial biogenesis.
Erythropoietin (EPO), a hematopoietic factor, is one of the promising neuroprotective candidates in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).